Revision as of 02:45, 22 September 2018

Building GnuCash from Source code

Introduction

Please Note: This section of the wiki is being reconstructed at present. We will maintain existing links in this page below the new sections and they will be deleted when the links to the replacement pages are operational

Gnucash can be built from sources on Linux distributions, Microsoft Windows and Mac OS/X. There are three major steps in building the GnuCash program. These are listed along with the tools which may used for each step:

1. Configuration (cmake - autotools in earlier GnuCash versions);
2. Compilation ( make or ninja);
3. Installation (make or ninja).

Building GnuCash utilizes a set of build tools which is available for all three of the major operating systems. These steps are described in detail for each operating system in the linked pages below, along with the installation of the build tools. temp to generate all pages in the wikiAllPages

Build Tools

A general description of the tools used to configure and build Gnucash along with a brief outline of their functions is given in. The GnuCash build system has gone through some changes in the course of the 2.6 and 3 series. The #Autotools set originally used to build GnuCash has been replaced in part with more recent developments which provide the ability to configure for alternative build systems and popular IDEs. #CMake has replaced the Autotools autogen and configure scripts for configuring the build. Compilation can either be performed and controlled using the Autotools make script or alternatively using a faster build system Ninja. Either Autotools make or Ninja can also control the installation of GnuCash. Depending on the version of GnuCash you want to build you have the following options:

For the application generally

GnuCash 3 and more recent

These versions can only be configured using #CMake. Autotools support was removed. tHEY MAY BE BUILT WITH EITHER MAKE OR NINJA ;

GnuCash 2.6 and earlier

Can only be built with #Autotools;

API Source Documentation requires Doxygen and is built from the program sources.

For program Documentation

The GnuCash Help and Tutorial and Concept Guide are configured with autotools and built with make.

Compiler

GnuCash 3.x requires a C++ compiler that supports ISO-standards C11 and C++11. Gcc version >=4.8 and Clang version >= 3.3 are known to work. For GnuCash 4.x (i.e. current master branch) we expect to require C++14 and may require C++17 compatibility.

CMake

CMake is a popular configuration and build system. One of its major advantages is the ability to generate project files for a variety of tools including make, ninja, and IDEs CodeBlocks, Eclipse, and Xcode. Cmake requires a build directory separate from the source file directories in which it generates the directories and files used to control the compilation and linking of the compiled object files that produce the main program and the runtime libraries which support it.

Make

Make is the Autotools tool which controls the compilation of the source programs and linking of the source files to produce the program and its associated libraries. On completion of compilation and linking it may aslo be used to install the programs anfd libraries to locations from which the user may execute them

Ninja

Ninja is particularly interesting because it is an extremely efficient and highly parallel tool which may be used instead of make to control the compilation and linking of GnuCash. It also manages the installation of the program and libraries to locations from which the program may be executed.

For GnuCash 4.x (i.e. current master branch) we expect to require C++14 and may require C++17 compatibility.

Disclaimer

This page deals with building the GnuCash from the source code. It includes building the current stable release from source code (downloaded tarballs as well as well as the developers version of GnuCash from the Git repository. If you are searching for instructions for the stable versionavailable from your distributions software repositories, you should read GnuCash#Installation.

This page doesn't provide specific instructions for optional third-party modules like AqBanking or Perl Finance::Quote but does list the dependencies required and links to the configuration switches used with CMake to include them during compilation.

Building on Linux Distributions

Detailed instructions for building Gnucash on Linux distributions can be found on Building On Linux.

Building on Mac OS X

Mac OS X instructions can be found on MacOSX/Quartz (This is the procedure used for building the binary packages) or gnucash installation from source on Mac OS X.

Building on Microsoft Windows

Compiling GnuCash on Windows is possible, but much more difficult than on linux. For details, see GnuCash on Microsoft Windows.

Note Sections below this point will be relocated to new pages in the reconstructed Building Gnucash section. They will be retained here until that is complete and they are operational in their new locations in the ne structure.

Get the GnuCash Sources

Configuring the Build Sytem

The GnuCash build system has gone through some changes in the course of the 2.6 and 2.7 series. Depending on the version of GnuCash you want to build you have the following options:

For the application

GnuCash 2.7.4 and more recent

These versions can only be built using #CMake. Autotools support was removed.

GnuCash 2.6.13 until GnuCash 2.7.3

#CMake support was introduced in version 2.6.13. Until version 2.7.3 GnuCash can be built with either #CMake or #Autotools.

Earlier versions

Can only be built with #Autotools.

Source Documentation requires Doxygen and is built with the command ```make doc```.

The GnuCash Help and Tutorial and Concept Guide are configured and built with Autotools only.

Compiler

GnuCash 3.x requires a C++ compiler that supports ISO-standards C11 and C++11. Gcc version >=4.8 and Clang version >= 3.3 are known to work.

For GnuCash 4.x (i.e. current master branch) we expect to require C++14 and may require C++17 compatibility.

CMake

CMake is a popular configuration and build system. One of its major advantages is the ability to generate project files for a variety of tools including make, ninja, CodeBlocks, Eclipse, and Xcode. Ninja is particularly interesting because it is extremely efficient and highly parallel.

Notes:

• The following examples use gnucash.git as the name of the top source directory as would be the case if you used

 git clone https://github.com/gnucash/gnucash gnucash.git

to obtain the sources. The last part of that command is the name of the directory into which the gnucash sources are written. If you're building from a source tarball the directory will be named something like gnucash-3.0, with "3.0" being the version of the tarball. We'll use path/to/gnucash.git to represent the path to the source directory. Make the obvious substitution.

• There is a subdirectory named gnucash inside the source directory. Make sure that you don't pass that directory as source directory to cmake.

Procedure:

1. To configure GnuCash with cmake you'll first need to ensure that cmake and your chosen build toolchain are installed via the package manager; the MacOSX/Quartz and Windows build scripts take care of this for you.
2. Next create a build directory. This is an arbitrary directory in which you will execute all commands related to the build. It should not be the source directory itself, but it can be a subdirectory (most people who do this creatively name it some variant of build) or it can be anywhere else that you have read and write permission, in which case you'll probably want to name it something like gnucash-build.
3. You'll also need to select an installation prefix. Unless you're packaging GnuCash for a distribution, avoid anything under /usr or /opt. Those are special directories generally owned by root and the first is reserved for the distribution packages. CMake knows this and will munge some of the paths, leading to unexpected results. In the examples below we've used $HOME/.local, a common hidden directory on linux systems that's often in the default path, but any subdirectory under $HOME will allow easy installation without requiring privilege escalation.
4. Next run cmake with some variable definitions from within the build directory:

 cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$HOME/.local path/to/gnucash.git

Will make a default configuration in the current directory from the sources in ../gnucash.git to be built with make. To build with ninja instead you'd use

 cmake -G Ninja -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$HOME/.local path/to/gnucash.git

and to make a debug build

 cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$HOME/local path/to/gnucash.git

Configuration Options:

GnuCash's cmake configuration is written to build most of the optional features by default. The only exception is the python bindings. See further down how you can alter this selection.

Some other important variables that you may need to define:

• CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH declares a : separated (or ; separated on Windows) set of search paths for roots of include and library files, needed if some dependencies are not installed in the default locations, i.e. /usr and /usr/local on most Unix systems. For example if you've built some dependencies from source and installed them in $HOME/.local you'd need to use

 cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$HOME/.local -D CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=$HOME/.local path/to/gnucash.git

• GTEST_ROOT and GMOCK_ROOT may be needed if cmake can't find Googletest in the normal locations for your distro.
• GNC_DBD_DIR The location of the DBD driver modules (e.g. libdbd-mysql.so) if not in the standard system library path (classically /usr/lib/dbd, but might be something like /usr/lib64/dbd or /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dbd depending you your distro).
• TEST_MYSQL_URLThe complete URL including password for a MySQL test database for running the SQL backend tests with MySQL.
• TEST_PGSQL_URLThe complete URL including password for a PostgreSQL test database for running the SQL backend tests with PostgreSQL.

Configuration options are also set using -D; for example, include -D DISABLE_DEPRECATED_GLIB=ON to configure the build to raise errors when attempting to compile functions marked as deprecated in the version of GLib you're using. The GnuCash options and default values at the time of writing were:

• WITH_SQL, ON, enable the SQL backends. Requires LibDBI.
• WITH_AQBANKING, ON, enable the Online Banking features. Requires AQBanking, Gwenhywfar, and Ktoblzcheck.
• WITH_GNUCASH, ON, builds the Gnome GUI. Requires Gtk+ and its dependencies.
• WITH_CUTECASH, OFF, builds the experimental and incomplete Qt GUI.
• WITH_OFX, ON, builds the OFX importer code. Requires LibOFX and its dependencies.
• WITH_PYTHON, OFF, builds the Python bindings and console. Requires Python 2.7 headers and library.
• ENABLE_BINRELOC, ON, enables the built GnuCash to be moved to a different path from CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX after it's been built.
• ENABLE_DEBUG, OFF, the same as CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug.
• ENABLE_REGISTER2, OFF, builds the not-quite-finished GtkTreeView register replacement.
• DISABLE_NLS, OFF, turns off generating translation calls for strings.
• DISABLE_DEPRECATED_GLIB, OFF, raises an error when deprecated GLib functions are encountered.
• DISABLE_DEPRECATED_GTK, OFF, raises an error when deprecated Gtk, Gdk, or GdkPixbuf functions are encountered.
• DISABLE_DEPRECATED_GNOME, OFF, raises an error when deprecated functions in other Gnome libraries are encountered.
• GNC_BUILD_AS_INSTALL, ON, Mirrors the installation layout instead of the source layout for final build products.

Consult the root CMakeLists.txt in the GnuCash source directory for a current list of settings and options.

Further Reading:

• http://www.cmake.org/Wiki/CMake_FAQ FAQ
• http://www.cmake.org/HTML/Download.html - Download
• http://www.cmake.org/HTML/Documentation.html - The same page which you also get by "man cmake".
• http://websvn.kde.org/trunk/KDE/kdelibs/cmake/modules/ - Potentially helpful additional macros
• A blog post about handling dependencies and targets for custom build commands.
• LLVM's CMake Primer, a more programmer-oriented tutorial than the one in the CMake documentation.

Autotools

The documentation gnucash-docs uses the Autotools build system.

Note: Autotools support has been removed from the program GnuCash as of version 2.7.4. Use CMake instead.

1. Discouraged intree build:

1.1. Change to gnucash-docs directory

 cd gnucash-docs

1.2. If this code was retrieved from Git, generate the configure script (otherwise skip this step)

 ./autogen.sh 

1.3. Look at available configure options

 ./configure --help

2. The build should happen in a separate directory either outside the source directory or a hidden directory in your source directory. This is to avoid known problems with intltool. For example:

cd gnucash-docs
./autogen.sh        # These steps were identical to the description above. Now the part which is different:
mkdir .build        # Create the separate hidden build directory
cd .build           # and enter it

From within the build directory, you now have to call configure by its relative path. In this example, this is

../configure --prefix...    # and all your other options

Some example options for configure might look as follows

 ../configure --prefix=/opt/gnucash-docs [...]

--prefix

Where should the package be installed? If you install for test purposes, you might consider installing it below your home directory to avoid sudoing. You should never use the same path as your distribution!

Further reading/viewing

Autotools Mythbuster

Introduction to the Autotools 36' video tutorial

Building

1. To compile the sources

• In case the build was configured with autotools or cmake/makefiles:

 make

• In case the build was configured with cmake/Ninja:

 ninja

or

 ninja-build

Which one depends on the platform or distribution. Some package the tool as ninja, others package it as ninja-build. If one doesn't work, try the other.

In all the commands the follow, only the make invocation will be shown. Replace make with ninja(-build) if your build was configured for Ninja.

2. Optionally run the unit test suite. You should do this if you changed something in the sources:

 make check

3. To install gnucash

• If your prefix was a descendant of $HOME or any other location where your normal user has write access:

 make install

• Otherwise

 sudo make install

Depending on the settings of your system sudo will ask you for your or the administrators password and will only work if you have administrative privileges.

4. Run

 /opt/gnucash-devel/bin/gnucash [options]

Again use the option --help to see a list.

Reverse commands

In case you dislike your installation, run from your build directory

[sudo] make uninstall

to remove it, before you change relevant options like the prefix.

Note ninja does not have an uninstall target. To uninstall a ninja build run

 [sudo] xargs rm < install_manifest.txt

from the root build directory.

To clean up your build directory, run

make clean

If you use a separate build directory, you can remove its content instead.

In some cases, that might not be sufficient, then clean your git gnucash directory with

git clean -f

To remove everything not part of the repo, including directories and ignored files, run

git clean -fdx -e /.project  -e /.cproject -e /.autotools -e /.settings/

Note: The exceptions are only necessary for Eclipse users. Else all their project information would be lost.

In this case you will have to start with ./autogen-sh again if you are using the autotools configuration.

Notes

• cmake builds by default install compilation targets including test programs in a bin subdirectory of the root build directory, and all the libraries are built into a lib[64] subdirectory with linkage temporarily set up such that the binaries can find their libraries. So to re-run a single test file you can simply run e.g.

 bin/test-engine

and to debug

 gdb bin/test-engine

Scheme tests reside in directories that mirror their source directories and require some environment fiddling to get them to run outside of make check or ninja check.

Tutorial on Plugins

This section describes how to build a plugin from scratch.

Note

This information is using the #Autotools based build system although current versions of gnucash (as of 2.7.4) can only be built with #CMake. So this may require some reinterpretation.

A plugin is a runtime loadable module which provides optional functions for GnuCash. There are a couple of plugins plus a skeleton example in src/plugins. To add your own plugin:

• Copy the example to a new plugin subdirectory:

 cd src/plugins
 cp -R example your-plugin-name

• edit Makefile.am to add your-plugin-name to the subdirs list
• edit configure.ac, inserting the following line near the end just before AC_OUTPUT:

 AC_CONFIG_FILES(src/plugins/your-plugin-name/Makefile src/plugins/your-plugin-name/ui/Makefile src/plugins/your-plugin-name/glade/Makefile)

• edit the source files in your-plugin-name to actually do what you want, rename them to make sense, and adjust the filenames in the three Makefile.am to match.
• Rebuild GnuCash:

 cd ../..
 ./autogen.sh
 ./configure --whatever options you usually use
 make
 make install

• to force GnuCash to load the plugin upon start

 echo '(gnc:module-load "gnucash/plugins/your-plugin-name" 0)' >> ~/.gnucash/config.user

The result will be your new plugin being available in the Tools menu, or wherever you added it in the UI file.

OS/Distro specific Information

See the README.dependencies file for library dependency notes. Also check out the dependencies page.

Debian

If you are lucky, running

 aptitude build-dep gnucash

will install everything you need to build gnucash.

On Debian, the packages you'll probably need are (among many others):

guile-1.8-dev
swig
goffice-0-dev
libgsf-1-dev
libwebkitgtk-dev
libofx-dev (to enable ofx support)
libaqbanking16-dev (to enable aqbanking support. Don't use the newer libaqbanking20-dev - see AqBanking#Compatibility)
postgresql-dev (to enable sql support)

If you are building from git, you will also need the following installed before running autogen.sh:

automake
intltool
libtool

Fedora

Note these instructions as still for gnucash 2.6.x and older. Gnucash 3.x has a number of new build dependencies. On a current Fedora release dnf builddep gnucash will install those automatically for you. On Fedora 27 or older these new build dependencies have to be installed by hand. In addition autotools has been replaced with cmake.

First, we need install all dependencies of building GnuCash.

sudo dnf builddep gnucash -y
sudo dnf install texinfo git intltool libdbi-devel guile-devel doxygen webkitgtk-devel -y

And then we create the directories for source code, and check out source code from git master

mkdir -p ~/development
cd ~/development
git clone https://github.com/Gnucash/gnucash/ gnucash
cd gnucash

Then, we build it by following commands:

./autogen.sh
./configure --prefix=$HOME/unstable/gnucash --enable-debug --enable-doxygen --enable-error-on-warning --enable-compile-warnings
make all install

If there are no errors, we can run it:

~/unstable/gnucash/bin/gnucash

Gentoo

Gentoo instructions can be found on Gnucash-svn installation on Gentoo.

Slackware

Slackware installation is covered on this page.

Ubuntu

Ubuntu releases are supported for various lengths of time; Wikipedia has a handy chart showing which versions are still supported.

Note: Dear Ubunteros, please do not copy and paste whole paragraphs. Instead adjust single sections in the form

Version x and newer:

do this

Version x-1 and before:

do that.

Can someone of you clean up this chapter and later remove this note?

Compiling Newer Ubuntu Packages on an Older Release ("self-backporting")

If you are on an older version of Ubuntu (or Debian for that matter) such as Trusty 14.04 LTS, you may be able to compile a newer Ubuntu or Debian version yourself (essentially backporting it yourself).

If the newer package is available in Utopic 14.10, add a line in your /etc/apt/sources.list (or for newer versions of Ubuntu, include a new file in the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory) with the correct format. For Utopic, the line would be:

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu utopic main restricted universe

You want the version (Utopic in above example) to be newer than the system release you have installed. Then you can use the following lines to compile and install whatever software version is in the newer Ubuntu release, "backporting" the newer software to your older release of Ubuntu.

cd ~/src/
sudo aptitude update
sudo apt-get install build-essential fakeroot
sudo apt-get build-dep gnucash
apt-get --compile source gnucash
sudo dpkg -i *.deb

Easy as 1-2-3!*

• If apt-get build-dep fails on the gnucash packages with a message like "E: Build-Depends dependency for gnucash cannot be satisfied because the package XXXXX cannot be found" then that means you need additional updated libraries on your system in order to backport the software. Unless you know there are only one or two new libraries needed, it's most likely MUCH easier just to build GnuCash from source. (See directions below.)

• If dpkg -i *.deb fails because it lists a bunch of dependencies (this happens if you've never installed gnucash before) the easiest way to get apt to bring them in is using -f (fix broken) install:

sudo apt-get -f install

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus)

Build Instructions for Ubuntu 16.04 also Ubuntu 18.04 & Linux Mint 18.3.

Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr)

To build from the source tarball download the source code tarball from http://www.gnucash.org/download.phtml and extract to an appropriate directory.

Next install the build dependencies

sudo apt-get build-dep gnucash

(On a fresh install I also needed to purge guile-2.0 and install these packages as well follow the guide below for issues with slib)

sudo apt-get purge guile-2.0
sudo apt-get install slib libgnomeui-common libgnomeui-dev guile-1.8 guile-1.8-dev checkinstall

if want to use the alternative database backends then:

sudo apt-get install libdbd-{sqlite3,pgsql,mysql}

In a terminal cd to the gnucash directory and run

./configure --prefix=/path/to/install/gnucash/to --enable-compile-warnings --with-html-engine=webkit
make
sudo checkinstall

The prefix might be, for example,

--prefix=/usr/bin/gnucash2.4

Running checkinstall will ask you some options on how the package is named, etc. This will produce a .DEB which you can then simply install (adjust the path/filename accordingly)

sudo dpkg -i /path/to/deb/gnucash_2.4.15-1_amd64.deb